The main goal in packaging is to protect the artworks from any potential (physical or environmental) hazards. The packaging should be simple, allowing easy unpacking and re-packing, and appropriate to the preferred means of transportation.

Crates should be built in strong material not only because the artworks inside needs to be protected but also because, more often than not, crates are re-used. Despite other more modern materials, wood, due to its well tested attributes and its all natural character, is still considered crate makers' most favoured material. Furthermore, it also acts as an impact reducer and humidity and temperature barrier.

In principle, all crates designed for artworks should be tailor-made according to the works in question. This situation, by creating a surplus of crates used only once, may pose financial and storage problems to museums and galleries. A possible solution to this problem is to consider the re-use of unharmed crates by adjusting the inside layer to the new requirements.

The crates are produced either as "controlled" or "non-controlled". Controlled crates offer high protection against changes in heat and humidity and is often chosen for works that are very sensitive and valuable. Non-controlled crates, on the other hand, while lacking the full protective quality of a controlled crate, are able to guard the content not only from sudden changes in heat and humidity but also from shock.

If there are wide temperature and humidity differences between the place of departure and the place of arrival, it is recommended that the crates are left unopened for at least 24 hours at their final destination to get acclimatised.

In addition to the crate itself, the packing material plays an important role in transportation. By providing the right cushioning against shocks and protection against humidity, packing material helps the crate fulfil its protective role.

Even if all packing and crating are done according to the requirements, additional measures are still needed to see if the crate has been handled properly during points where supervision is not possible (i.e. on the tarmac of an airport). The use of special stickers that show tilting or impact is a very common and simple practice to check any improper handling in non-supervised areas.